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Festival Cruises
Festival Cruises (known as First European Cruises in North America) was a Greece-based cruise line that operated between 1994 and 2004. It was founded in 1992 by the Greek entrepreneur George Poulides using second-hand ships. The company acquired three new-built ships between 1999 and 2002, but was forced to declare bankruptcy in 2004.〔
==History==
George Poulides founded Festival Cruises in 1992. The company begun operations in 1994 after purchasing from Chandris Cruises.〔 The following year the company acquired MS ''Starward'' from Norwegian Cruise Line, renaming her . A third second-hand ship followed in 1997, when MS ''Southern Cross'' was acquired from Premier Cruise Line and renamed for service with Festival.
Festival Cruises acquired their first newbuilt ship in 1999, when was delivered from Chantiers de l'Atlantique in France. In 2000 Festival Cruises announced that the company would be merged into Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company (P&O), with the Festival Cruises brand being maintained under P&O ownership. The merger plan was abandoned later that year due to low value of cruise line shares at the time. Two additional newbuilt ships based on an enlarged version of the ''Mistral'' design were delivered in 2001 and 2002 as and , respectively.〔 Following delivery of the new ships the ''Bolero'' and ''Flamenco'' were chartered to other opeators.〔〔 Festival Cruises had an option for two more ships of the enlarged ''Mistral'' design, but the company decided not to use the option. Two more ''Mistral'' class ships were however built for MSC Cruises as ''MSC Lirica'' and ''MSC Opera''.
Festival Cruises went bankrupt in early 2004, with all the company's ships were laid up and subsequently auctioned to other operators; ''European Stars'' and ''European Vision'' were sold to MSC Cruises,〔〔 ''Mistral'' to a French investor group who chartered her to Iberojet,〔〔Ward (2006). pp. 380–381〕 ''The Azur'' to Mano Maritime, ''Bolero'' to Orient Queen Shipping and ''Flamenco'' to Cruise Elysia.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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